Short answer: turn on automatic firmware updates, and schedule them for a time nobody’s online. If your router can’t update itself, check for updates in its app or web page every month or two. Never unplug it while an update is running.
Why it matters
Firmware is the router’s software. NETGEAR says updates improve performance, add features and enhance security, and CISA advises routine router updates to protect against known vulnerabilities.
Turn on automatic updates
Most current routers can update themselves:
- ASUS: Administration > Firmware Upgrade > enable Auto Firmware Upgrade and choose a time.
- NETGEAR: ADVANCED > Administration > Router Update > Router Auto Firmware Update > Enable.
- TP-Link: cloud-enabled models update through the web page or the Tether app.
ASUS recommends scheduling automatic updates for a time when you’re not using the network.
Update by hand
First, log in to your router. Then:
- NETGEAR: in the Nighthawk app tap Check for updates, or in a browser go to ADVANCED > Administration > Firmware Update > Check.
- ASUS: use the ASUS Router app, or Administration > Firmware Upgrade in the web interface.
- TP-Link: in Tether, More > System > Firmware Update; or Advanced > System > Firmware Upgrade in the browser.
Rules that keep it safe
- Don’t interrupt it. All three makers warn against turning the router off during an update; NETGEAR adds don’t close the browser or load another page.
- Use the right file for manual uploads. TP-Link warns that the wrong firmware can damage the device, and that US and EU files are different.
- Use a cable if you can, and back up your settings first, as TP-Link recommends.
What if there are no updates?
If the maker has stopped releasing firmware, the router is probably end of life. NETGEAR says products past End of Service no longer receive firmware updates, including security updates. That’s the clearest sign it’s time to replace it: see when to replace your router.
Then work through the rest of our router security checklist.